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CoursesCSC102ระบบจัดการยานพาหนะ

ระบบจัดการยานพาหนะ

โจทย์

You have been hired by a transportation company to develop a simple Vehicle Management System using Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts in Java. The system must manage different types of vehicles, allowing the company to store, access, and modify vehicle information in a controlled manner. In addition to basic functionality, the system must also calculate various costs associated with each vehicle, including depreciation, insurance, and the total cost combining these factors.

Class Descriptions:

  • Create a superclass called Vehicle class that contains:
    • Attributes
      • A private String attribute named brand, representing the brand of the vehicle (e.g., Toyota, Ford, etc.).
      • A private String attribute named model, representing the model of the vehicle (e.g., Corolla, Mustang, etc.).
      • A private integer attribute named year, representing the manufacturing year of the vehicle.
      • A private double attribute named price, representing the price of the vehicle.
    • Encapsulation
      • All attributes should be private.
      • Provide public getters and setters for each attribute to allow controlled access and modification.
    • Methods
      • void displayDetails() that prints the details of the vehicle, including the brand, model, year, and price.
      • calculateDepreciation() that calculates and returns the depreciation of the vehicle based on its age. Assume a fixed depreciation rate of 15% per year.
  • Create a subclass of vehicle called Car class that contains:
    • Attribute
      • A private integer attribute named numberOfDoors, representing the number of doors in the car.
    • Encapsulation
      • The attribute should be private.
      • Provide public getter and setter for the numberOfDoors attribute.
    • Methods
      • Override the displayDetails() method to include the number of doors in addition to the details inherited from the Vehicle class.
      • calculateCostPerDoor() that calculates and returns the cost per door for the car.
      • calculateTotalCost() that calculates and returns the total cost associated with the truck by summing the depreciation cost and the cost per door.
  • Create a subclass of vehicle called Truck class that contains:
    • Attribute
      • A double attribute named loadCapacity, representing the load capacity of the truck in tons.
    • Encapsulation
      • The attribute should be private.
      • Provide public getter and setter for the loadCapacity attribute.
    • Methods
      • Override the displayDetails() method to include the number of doors in addition to the details inherited from the Vehicle class.
      • calculateCostPerTon() that calculates and returns the cost per ton of load capacity for the truck.
      • calculateTotalCost() that calculates and returns the total cost associated with the truck by summing the depreciation cost and the cost per ton of load capacity.
  • Create a subclass of vehicle called Motorcycle class that contains:
    • Attribute
      • A double attribute named hasSidecar, indicates whether the motorcycle has a sidecar or not.
    • Encapsulation
      • The attribute should be private.
      • Provide public getter and setter for the hasSidecar attribute.
    • Methods
      • Override the displayDetails() method to include the number of doors in addition to the details inherited from the Vehicle class.
      • estimateInsuranceCost() that estimate and returns the insurance cost based on whether the motorcycle has a sidecar. The base insurance rate is 500 baht, which applies to all motorcycles, and a sidecar surcharge adds an additional 200 baht if the motorcycle has a sidecar. This surcharge represents the increased risk and coverage requirements associated with insuring the sidecar.
      • calculateTotalCost() that calculates and returns the total cost associated with the motorcycle by summing the depreciation cost and the insurance cost.

โค้ดเริ่มต้น

public class VehicleDriver {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
 
        // Input for Car
        String carBrand = scanner.next();
        String carModel = scanner.next();
        int carYear = scanner.nextInt();
        double carPrice = scanner.nextDouble();
        int numberOfDoors = scanner.nextInt();
 
        Car car = new Car(carBrand, carModel, carYear, carPrice, numberOfDoors);
 
        // Input for Truck
        String truckBrand = scanner.next();
        String truckModel = scanner.next();
        int truckYear = scanner.nextInt();
        double truckPrice = scanner.nextDouble();
        double loadCapacity = scanner.nextDouble();
 
        Truck truck = new Truck(truckBrand, truckModel, truckYear, truckPrice, loadCapacity);
 
        // Input for Motorcycle
        String motorcycleBrand = scanner.next();
        String motorcycleModel = scanner.next();
        int motorcycleYear = scanner.nextInt();
        double motorcyclePrice = scanner.nextDouble();
        boolean hasSidecar = scanner.nextBoolean();
 
        Motorcycle motorcycle = new Motorcycle(motorcycleBrand, motorcycleModel, motorcycleYear, motorcyclePrice, hasSidecar);
 
        // Display details and perform actions
        System.out.println("Car Details:");
        car.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Depreciation: " + car.calculateDepreciation());
        System.out.println("Cost per Door: " + car.calculateCostPerDoor());
        System.out.println("Total Cost: " + car.calculateTotalCost());
 
        System.out.println("\nTruck Details:");
        truck.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Depreciation: " + truck.calculateDepreciation());
        System.out.println("Cost per Ton: " + truck.calculateCostPerTon());
        System.out.println("Total Cost: " + truck.calculateTotalCost());
 
        System.out.println("\nMotorcycle Details:");
        motorcycle.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Depreciation: " + motorcycle.calculateDepreciation());
        System.out.println("Estimated Insurance Cost: " + motorcycle.estimateInsuranceCost());
        System.out.println("Total Cost: " + motorcycle.calculateTotalCost());
    }
}
 
class Vehicle{
    // Write your code here
 
}
 
class Car{
    // Write your code here
 
}
 
class Truck{
    // Write your code here
 
}
 
class Motorcycle{
    // Write your code here
 
}

โค้ด

import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class VehicleDriver {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
 
        // Input for Car
        String carBrand = scanner.next();
        String carModel = scanner.next();
        int carYear = scanner.nextInt();
        double carPrice = scanner.nextDouble();
        int numberOfDoors = scanner.nextInt();
 
        Car car = new Car(carBrand, carModel, carYear, carPrice, numberOfDoors);
 
        // Input for Truck
        String truckBrand = scanner.next();
        String truckModel = scanner.next();
        int truckYear = scanner.nextInt();
        double truckPrice = scanner.nextDouble();
        double loadCapacity = scanner.nextDouble();
 
        Truck truck = new Truck(truckBrand, truckModel, truckYear, truckPrice, loadCapacity);
 
        // Input for Motorcycle
        String motorcycleBrand = scanner.next();
        String motorcycleModel = scanner.next();
        int motorcycleYear = scanner.nextInt();
        double motorcyclePrice = scanner.nextDouble();
        boolean hasSidecar = scanner.nextBoolean();
 
        Motorcycle motorcycle = new Motorcycle(motorcycleBrand, motorcycleModel, motorcycleYear, motorcyclePrice, hasSidecar);
 
        // Display details and perform actions
        System.out.println("Car Details:");
        car.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Depreciation: " + car.calculateDepreciation());
        System.out.println("Cost per Door: " + car.calculateCostPerDoor());
        System.out.println("Total Cost: " + car.calculateTotalCost());
 
        System.out.println("\nTruck Details:");
        truck.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Depreciation: " + truck.calculateDepreciation());
        System.out.println("Cost per Ton: " + truck.calculateCostPerTon());
        System.out.println("Total Cost: " + truck.calculateTotalCost());
 
        System.out.println("\nMotorcycle Details:");
        motorcycle.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Depreciation: " + motorcycle.calculateDepreciation());
        System.out.println("Estimated Insurance Cost: " + motorcycle.estimateInsuranceCost());
        System.out.println("Total Cost: " + motorcycle.calculateTotalCost());
    }
}
 
class Vehicle {
    private String brand;
    private String model;
    private int year;
    private double price;
 
    public Vehicle(String brand, String model, int year, double price) {
        this.brand = brand;
        this.model = model;
        this.year = year;
        this.price = price;
    }
 
    public String getBrand() {
        return this.brand;
    }
 
    public String getModel() {
        return this.model;
    }
 
    public int getYear() {
        return this.year;
    }
 
    public double getPrice() {
        return this.price;
    }
 
    public void setBrand(String brand) {
        this.brand = brand;
    }
 
    public void setModel(String model) {
        this.model = model;
    }
 
    public void setYear(int year) {
        this.year = year;
    }
 
    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
 
    public void start() {
 
    }
 
    public void stop() {
 
    }
 
    public void displayDetails() {
        System.out.printf("Brand: %s, Model: %s, Year: %d, Price: %s, ", brand, model, year, price);
    }
 
    public double calculateDepreciation() {
        int ageOfVehicle = 2024 - year;
        return price * (1 - Math.pow(1 - 0.15, ageOfVehicle));
    }
}
 
class Car extends Vehicle {
    private int numberOfDoors;
 
    public Car(String brand, String model, int year, double price, int numberOfDoors) {
        super(brand, model, year, price);
        this.numberOfDoors = numberOfDoors;
    }
 
    public int getNumberOfDoors() {
        return this.numberOfDoors;
    }
 
    public void setNumberOfDoors(int numberOfDoors) {
        this.numberOfDoors = numberOfDoors;
    }
 
    public void displayDetails() {
        super.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Number of Doors: " + numberOfDoors);
    }
 
    public double calculateCostPerDoor() {
        return getPrice() / getNumberOfDoors();
    }
 
    public double calculateTotalCost() {
        return calculateDepreciation() + calculateCostPerDoor();
    }
}
 
class Truck extends Vehicle {
    private double loadCapacity;
 
    public Truck(String brand, String model, int year, double price, double loadCapacity) {
        super(brand, model, year, price);
        this.loadCapacity = loadCapacity;
    }
 
    public double getLoadCapacity() {
        return this.loadCapacity;
    }
 
    public void setLoadCapacity(double loadCapacity) {
        this.loadCapacity = loadCapacity;
    }
 
    public void displayDetails() {
        super.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Load Capacity: " + loadCapacity + " tons");
    }
 
    public double calculateCostPerTon() {
        return getPrice() / loadCapacity;
    }
 
    public double calculateTotalCost() {
        return calculateDepreciation() + calculateCostPerTon();
    }
 
}
 
class Motorcycle extends Vehicle {
    private boolean hasSidebar;
 
    public Motorcycle(String brand, String model, int year, double price, boolean hasSidebar) {
        super(brand, model, year, price);
        this.hasSidebar = hasSidebar;
    }
 
    public boolean isHasSidecar() {
        return this.hasSidebar;
    }
 
    public void setHasSidecar(boolean hasSidecar) {
        this.hasSidebar = hasSidebar;
    }
 
    public void displayDetails() {
        super.displayDetails();
        System.out.println("Has Sidecar: " + hasSidebar);
    }
 
    public double estimateInsuranceCost() {
        int rate = 500;
        return hasSidebar ? rate + 200 : rate;
    }
 
    public double calculateTotalCost() {
        return calculateDepreciation() + estimateInsuranceCost();
    }
}

คำอธิบาย

โครงสร้างของระบบ

ระบบประกอบด้วยคลาสหลัก 4 คลาส:

คลาส Vehicle (คลาสแม่)

คลาส Vehicle เป็นคลาสหลักที่เก็บแอตทริบิวต์พื้นฐานของยานพาหนะทุกประเภท

แอตทริบิวต์ (Attributes)

private String brand;    // ยี่ห้อรถ
private String model;    // รุ่นรถ
private int year;        // ปีที่ผลิต
private double price;    // ราคา

เมธอดสำคัญ (Methods)

  1. Constructor
public Vehicle(String brand, String model, int year, double price) {
    this.brand = brand;
    this.model = model;
    this.year = year;
    this.price = price;
}

คำอธิบาย: Constructor จะถูกเรียกเมื่อสร้างวัตถุใหม่ โดยรับค่าเริ่มต้นของยานพาหนะ

  1. คำนวณค่าเสื่อมราคา
public double calculateDepreciation() {
    int ageOfVehicle = 2024 - year;
    return price * (1 - Math.pow(1 - 0.15, ageOfVehicle));
}

คำอธิบาย: คำนวณค่าเสื่อมราคาโดยใช้อัตรา 15% ต่อปี

  • ageOfVehicle คือ อายุของรถ (ปีปัจจุบัน - ปีที่ผลิต)
  • ใช้สูตร: ราคา × (1 - (1 - 0.15)^อายุรถ)

คลาส Car

คลาส Car สืบทอดจากคลาส Vehicle และเพิ่มความสามารถเฉพาะของรถยนต์

แอตทริบิวต์พิเศษ

private int numberOfDoors;    // จำนวนประตู

เมธอดพิเศษ

  1. คำนวณราคาต่อประตู
public double calculateCostPerDoor() {
    return getPrice() / getNumberOfDoors();
}

คำอธิบาย: คำนวณราคาต่อประตูโดยนำราคารถหารด้วยจำนวนประตู

  1. คำนวณราคารวม
public double calculateTotalCost() {
    return calculateDepreciation() + calculateCostPerDoor();
}

คำอธิบาย: คำนวณราคารวมโดยรวมค่าเสื่อมราคาและราคาต่อประตู

คลาส Truck

คลาส Truck สืบทอดจากคลาส Vehicle และเพิ่มความสามารถเฉพาะของรถบรรทุก

แอตทริบิวต์พิเศษ

private double loadCapacity;    // ความสามารถในการบรรทุก (ตัน)

เมธอดพิเศษ

  1. คำนวณราคาต่อตัน
public double calculateCostPerTon() {
    return getPrice() / loadCapacity;
}

คำอธิบาย: คำนวณราคาต่อตันโดยนำราคารถหารด้วยความสามารถในการบรรทุก

คลาส Motorcycle

คลาส Motorcycle สืบทอดจากคลาส Vehicle และเพิ่มความสามารถเฉพาะของรถจักรยานยนต์

แอตทริบิวต์พิเศษ

private boolean hasSidecar;    // มีรถพ่วงข้างหรือไม่

เมธอดพิเศษ

  1. คำนวณค่าประกัน
public double estimateInsuranceCost() {
    int rate = 500;    // ค่าประกันพื้นฐาน
    return hasSidecar ? rate + 200 : rate;    // เพิ่ม 200 บาทถ้ามีรถพ่วง
}

คำอธิบาย:

  • ค่าประกันพื้นฐาน = 500 บาท
  • ถ้ามีรถพ่วงข้าง เพิ่มอีก 200 บาท

ตัวอย่างการทำงาน

การใช้งานระบบผ่าน VehicleDriver:

  1. การรับข้อมูลรถยนต์
String carBrand = scanner.next();        // รับยี่ห้อรถ
String carModel = scanner.next();        // รับรุ่นรถ
int carYear = scanner.nextInt();         // รับปีผลิต
double carPrice = scanner.nextDouble();   // รับราคา
int numberOfDoors = scanner.nextInt();    // รับจำนวนประตู
  1. การแสดงผลข้อมูล
System.out.println("Car Details:");
car.displayDetails();
System.out.println("Depreciation: " + car.calculateDepreciation());
System.out.println("Cost per Door: " + car.calculateCostPerDoor());
System.out.println("Total Cost: " + car.calculateTotalCost());
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